Androgens and women at the menopause and beyond.
نویسندگان
چکیده
STUDIES over the last decade have shown that the male hormone, testosterone, declines with age in men (1,2). This decline is associated with a decrease in libido, muscle mass and strength, leptin levels, bone mineral density (BMD), hematocrit, and cognition (3–6). It also has been recognized that total testosterone is a poor measurement of gonadal status because of the increase in sex hormone binding globulin in aging males (7,8). While there has been a marked increase in studies of the role of testosterone deficiency in aging men, there is a paucity of such studies in women. The small literature is further confounded by the difficulty in accurately measuring the low levels of circulating testosterone in women (9). Besides the difficulty in measuring total testosterone at low levels, often clinically free testosterone is measured by an analog assay or by the free androgen index (testosterone/sex hormone-binding globulin). There is no evidence to support the use of either of these measurements. Free testosterone should be measured by either the dialysis or ultracentrifugal method. Alternatively, bioavailable testosterone can be measured. The available literature suggests that low-dose testosterone treatment in women with androgen deficiency can have positive effects on libido and psychological well-being, and also may retard muscle and bone loss associated with aging (10,11). This article will review the available literature and make recommendations concerning future studies.
منابع مشابه
The effect of concurrent training on serum androgens levels and sexual function in menopausal women
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عنوان ژورنال:
- The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences
دوره 58 5 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2003